Emergency Contraceptives Pills

Emergency Contraceptive

Emergency Contraceptive Pill: Everything You Need to Know

The emergency contraceptive pill (ECP), commonly known as the morning-after pill, is a safe and effective way to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex or contraceptive failure. It is not an abortion pill and does not work if you are already pregnant.

Understanding how the emergency pill works, when to take it, and its effectiveness can help you make informed decisions about your reproductive health.

What is the Emergency Contraceptive Pill?

The emergency contraceptive pill is a hormonal pill taken after unprotected sex to reduce the risk of pregnancy. It works by:

✔ Delaying or preventing ovulation, so no egg is released for sperm to fertilize.
✔ Thickening cervical mucus, making it harder for sperm to reach an egg.
✔ Altering the uterine lining (in some cases), reducing the chance of implantation.

Important: The emergency pill does not work if ovulation has already occurred. This is why taking it as soon as possible is crucial for effectiveness.

Types of Emergency Pills

Types of Emergency Pills

1. Levonorgestrel-Based Pills (Plan B, Take Action, Postinor, etc.)

• Available over-the-counter (OTC) in most countries.
• Most effective when taken within 72 hours (3 days) after unprotected sex but can work up to 5 days with reduced effectiveness.
• Effectiveness: Prevents 75-89% of pregnancies when taken within 72 hours.
• Less effective for women with a BMI over 25.

2. Ulipristal Acetate-Based Pills (Ella, ellaOne, etc.)

• Requires a prescription in some countries.
• Works up to 5 days (120 hours) after unprotected sex with the same effectiveness throughout.
• More effective than Levonorgestrel pills, especially between 3-5 days after sex.
• Effectiveness: Around 85% when taken within 5 days.
• Less effective for women with a BMI over 35.

3. Combined Oral Contraceptives (Yuzpe Method)

• Uses high-dose birth control pills as emergency contraception.
• Less effective and has more side effects (nausea, vomiting).
• Rarely recommended but can be used if no other EC options are available.

How to Take the Morning-After Pill

Step-by-Step Guide

Take one pill as soon as possible after unprotected sex.
If vomiting occurs within 2 hours, take another pill immediately.
Continue using your regular birth control method if applicable.
Your next period may come earlier or later than usual.

Note: Do NOT take multiple morning-after pills at once. Higher doses do not increase effectiveness but may cause more side effects.

Side Effects of using Emergency Contraceptive PIlls

Side Effects of Emergency Contraceptives: What to Expect

Emergency contraceptives (EC), including the morning-after pill and the copper IUD, are safe and effective options for preventing pregnancy after unprotected sex. However, like all medications, they may come with temporary side effects as your body adjusts to the hormones or the presence of an intrauterine device (IUD).

Understanding these side effects can help you prepare for what to expect and know when to seek medical advice.

Common Side Effects of Emergency Contraceptive Pills

Most women experience only mild or no side effects, and they typically go away within a few days.

1. Nausea and Vomiting 🤢

• Why it happens: The hormones in EC can irritate the stomach.
• How to manage it:
  ✔ Take the pill with food.
  ✔ Drink ginger tea or take anti-nausea medication if needed.
  ✔ If you vomit within 2 hours of taking the pill, you may need another dose.

2. Irregular Bleeding or Spotting 🩸

• Why it happens: EC can cause hormonal fluctuations, leading to spotting or a light period.
• How to manage it:
  ✔ This should resolve within a few days.
  ✔ If bleeding is heavy or prolonged, consult a doctor.

3. Changes in Your Next Period 📅

• Why it happens: EC affects ovulation, which can make your next period earlier, later, heavier, or lighter than usual.
• How to manage it:
  ✔ Keep track of your cycle with a period tracking app.
  ✔ If your period is more than a week late, take a pregnancy test.

4. Breast Tenderness 🏋️‍♀️

• Why it happens: The surge in hormones can cause temporary swelling and tenderness.
• How to manage it:
  ✔ Wear a comfortable bra for extra support.
  ✔ Avoid caffeine and salty foods, which can make it worse.

5. Headaches and Dizziness 🤕

• Why it happens: Changes in hormone levels can cause mild headaches or dizziness.
• How to manage it:
  ✔ Stay hydrated and get enough rest.
  ✔ Take pain relievers if needed.

6. Fatigue and Mood Swings 😴😡

• Why it happens: Your body is adjusting to a surge of hormones.
• How to manage it:
  ✔ Get enough sleep and practice relaxation techniques.
  ✔ Engage in light exercise or take a walk outside.

Less Common but Possible Side Effects

These are not as common, but some women may experience them:

❗ Abdominal cramps or pelvic pain – Temporary discomfort, especially if using a copper IUD.
❗ Diarrhea – Hormonal changes can sometimes upset digestion.
❗ Increased acne – Some women notice temporary breakouts.